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Spectral reflectance indices as proxies for yield potential and heat stress tolerance in spring wheat

Caiyun LIU, Francisco PINTO, C. Mariano COSSANI, Sivakumar SUKUMARAN, Matthew P. REYNOLDS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第3期   页码 296-308 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019269

摘要：

The application of spectral reflectance indices (SRIs) as proxies to screen for yield potential (YP) and heat stress (HS) is emerging in crop breeding programs. Thus, a comparison of SRIs and their associations with grain yield (GY) under YP and HS conditions is important. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of 27 SRIs for indirect selection for agronomic traits by evaluating an elite spring wheat association mapping initiative (WAMI) population comprising 287 elite lines under YP and HS conditions. Genetic and phenotypic analysis identified 11 and 9 SRIs in different developmental stages as efficient indirect selection indices for yield in YP and HS conditions, respectively. We identified enhanced vegetation index (EVI) as the common SRI associated with GY under YP at booting, heading and late heading stages, whereas photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were the common SRIs under booting and heading stages in HS. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 18704 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Illumina iSelect 90K identified 280 and 43 marker-trait associations for efficient SRIs at different developmental stages under YP and HS, respectively. Common genomic regions for multiple SRIs were identified in 14 regions in 9 chromosomes: 1B (60–62 cM), 3A (15, 85–90, 101–105 cM), 3B (132–134 cM), 4A (47–51 cM), 4B (71–75 cM), 5A (43–49, 56–60, 89–93 cM), 5B (124–125 cM), 6A (80–85 cM), and 6B (57–59, 71 cM). Among them, SNPs in chromosome 5A (89–93 cM) and 6A (80–85 cM) were co-located for yield and yield related traits. Overall, this study highlights the utility of SRIs as proxies for GY under YP and HS. High heritability estimates and identification of marker-trait associations indicate that SRIs are useful tools for understanding the genetic basis of agronomic and physiological traits.

关键词： genome-wide association study (GWAS)     heat tolerance     spectral reflectance     spring wheat    

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Stress-related ecophysiology of members of the genus

Om Prakash, Stefan J. Green, Pooja Singh, Puja Jasrotia, Joel E. Kostka

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1315-0

摘要： Abstract • Rhodanobacter spp. are dominant in acidic, high nitrate and metal contaminated sites. • Dominance of Rhodanobacter is likely due to tolerance to low pH and heavy metals. • High organic content increases stress tolerance capacity. • Longer incubation time is critical for accurate assessment of MIC (various stresses). This work examines the physiologic basis of stress tolerance in bacterial strains of the genus Rhodanobacter that dominate in the acidic and highly metal contaminated near-source subsurface zone of the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge (ORIFRC) site. Tolerance of R. denitrificans to levels of different stresses were studied in synthetic groundwater medium and R2A broth. Two strains of R. denitrificans, strains 2APBS1T and 116-2, tolerate low to circumneutral pH (4–8), high Uranium (1 mmol/L), elevated levels of nitrate (400 mmol/L) and high NaCl (2.5%). A combination of physiologic traits, such as growth at low pH, increased growth in the presence of high organics concentration, and tolerance of high concentrations of nitrate, NaCl and heavy metals is likely responsible for dominance of Rhodanobacter at the ORIFRC site. Furthermore, extended incubation times and use of low carbon media, better approximating site groundwater conditions, are critical for accurate determination of stress responses. This study expands knowledge of the ecophysiology of bacteria from the genus Rhodanobacter and identifies methodological approaches necessary for acquiring accurate tolerance data.

关键词： Rhodanobacter     Uranium     Nitrate     Metals     Stress tolerance    

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六倍体合成小麦——过去、现在与未来 Review

李爱丽,刘登才,杨武云,Masahiro Kishii,毛龙

《工程（英文）》 2018年 第4卷 第4期   页码 552-558 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.001

摘要：

近年来，小麦单产产量已经达到了平台期。随着世界人口的增加，人们对未来粮食安全的担忧与日俱增。六倍体人工合成小麦（SHW）能够将野生近缘种的重要农艺性状转移到栽培小麦，为现代小麦育种提供产量潜力、抗旱性、抗病性和养分高效利用的新资源，从而在现代小麦育种中越来越受到重视。本文综述了SHW 产生、研究和利用的现状，特别介绍了其对小麦育种的贡献。同时，简要介绍了基于基因组研究合成小麦生长优势分子机制的新进展。对于利用SHW 改良现代小麦品种的分子机制的了解，将进一步促进SHW 的利用，为满足世界粮食安全发挥重要作用。

关键词： 合成小麦     小麦     多倍化     抗病性     抗逆性     产量    

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Functional tolerance theory in incremental growth design

YANG Bo, ZE Xiangbo, YANG Tao

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第3期   页码 336-343 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0059-x

摘要： The evolutionary tolerance design strategy and its characteristics are studied on the basis of automation technology in the product structure design. To guarantee a successful transformation from the functional requirement to geometry constraints between parts, and finally to dimension constraints, a functional tolerance design theory in the process of product growth design is put forward. A mathematical model with a correlated sensitivity function between cost and the tolerance is created, in which the design cost, the manufacturing cost, the usage cost, and the depreciation cost of the product are regarded as control constraints of the tolerance allocation. Considering these costs, a multifactor-cost function to express quality loss of the product is applied into the model. In the mathematical model, the minimum cost is used as the objective function; a reasonable process capability index, the assembly function, and assembly quality are taken as the constraints; and depreciation cost in the objective function is expressed as the discount rate terminology in economics. Thus, allocation of the dimension tolerance as the function and cost over the whole lifetime of the product is realized. Finally, a design example is used to demonstrate the successful application of the proposed functional tolerance theory in the incremental growth design of the product.

关键词： successful transformation     mathematical     automation technology     tolerance allocation     minimum    

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TiO supported IrO for anode reversal tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 852-861 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0811-7

摘要： Fuel starvation can occur and cause damage to the cell when proton exchange membrane fuel cells operate under complex working conditions. In this case, carbon corrosion occurs. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts can alleviate carbon corrosion by introducing water electrolysis at a lower potential at the anode in fuel shortage. The mixture of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and unsupported OER catalyst not only reduces the electrolysis efficiency, but also influences the initial performance of the fuel cell. Herein, Ti4O7 supported IrOx is synthesized by utilizing the surfactant-assistant method and serves as reversal tolerant components in the anode. When the cell reverse time is less than 100 min, the cell voltage of the MEA added with IrOx/Ti4O7 has almost no attenuation. Besides, the MEA has a longer reversal time (530 min) than IrOx (75 min), showing an excellent reversal tolerance. The results of electron microscopy spectroscopy show that IrOx particles have a good dispersity on the surface of Ti4O7 and IrOx/Ti4O7 particles are uniformly dispersed on the anode catalytic layer. After the stability test, the Ti4O7 support has little decay, demonstrating a high electrochemical stability. IrOx/Ti4O7 with a high dispersity has a great potential to the application on the reversal tolerance anode of the fuel cell.

关键词： proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)     fuel starvation     cell reverse     reversal tolerance anode     oxygen evolution reaction    

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APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第2期

摘要：

Drought stress typically causes heavy losses in apple production and uncovering the mechanisms by which apple tolerates drought stress is important in apple breeding. MdSIZ1 is a SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) E3 ligase that promotes SUMO binding to substrate proteins. Here, we demonstrate that MdSIZ1 in apple has a negative relationship with drought tolerance. MdSIZ1 RNAi transgenic apple trees had a higher survival rate after drought stress. During drought stress they had higher leaf water potential, reduced ion leakage, lower H2O2 and malondialdehyde contents, and higher catalase activity. In addition, MdSIZ1 RNAi transgenic plants had a higher net photosynthetic rate during the latter period of drought stress. Finally, the transgenic apple trees also altered expression levels of some microRNAs in response to drought stress. Taken together, these results indicate that apple MdSIZ1 negatively regulates drought stress by enhancing leaf water-holding capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity.

 

关键词： apple / drought tolerance / gene expression / MdSIZ1    

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A Robust Tolerance Design Method Based on Fuzzy Quality Loss

CAO Yan-long, MAO Jian, YANG Jiang-xin, WU Zhao-tong, WU Li-qun

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年 第1卷 第1期   页码 101-105 doi: 10.1007/s11465-005-0010-y

摘要：

The traditional tolerance design model ignores the impact of noise factor, so that the design may be infeasible due to variations in design constraints. Based on the analysis of fuzzy factors in tolerance design and the limitations of the traditional Taguchi squared quality loss function, a fuzzy quality loss function model utilizing fuzzy theory was introduced. Concepts on fuzzy quality loss and fuzzy quality loss cost were proposed in the model. The characteristics of the new model and the advantages over the traditional Taguchi quality loss function were analyzed. A robust tolerance design model using a fuzzy quality loss function was proposed. An example was given to illustrate the proposed model. Results and comparisons show that the method is suitable and reliable, and makes the conclusions more objective and reasonable.

关键词： impact     function     robust tolerance     suitable     quality    

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Polyamines and antioxidant defense system are associated with cold tolerance in centipedegrass

Jingjing CHEN, Junyang FANG, Zhenfei GUO, Shaoyun LU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第1期   页码 129-138 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017197

摘要： Physiological responses to low temperature were analyzed in a chilling-tolerant centipedegrass ( ) accession, Shao Guan (SG), in comparison to the commercial cultivar, Common. Lower levels of ion leakage and higher chlorophyll (Chl) concentration were observed in SG than in Common during chilling stress. The maximum photochemical efficiency, the actual photosystem II (PSII) efficiency, photochemical quenching efficiency, and net photosynthetic rate were decreased during chilling stress in both genotypes, with higher levels of these parameters shown by SG than Common. In addition, higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate-peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), and higher concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) were observed in SG than in Common. Moreover, higher concentrations of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) were observed in SG than in Common. Correlation analysis indicated that SOD, CAT, APX and GR activities, and AsA and GSH concentrations showed high correlation to Put, while APX, GR, and AsA concentrations were correlated to Spd. Exogenous Put or Spd increased antioxidant enzyme activities and chilling tolerance. The results suggested that polyamine-regulated antioxidants are important for chilling tolerance in centipedegrass and protect plants against chilling induced oxidative damage.

关键词： antioxidants     centipedegrass     chilling     photosynthesis     polyamines    

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FTRP：基于进程复制和预取的高性能计算容错框架 Research

Wei HU, Guang-ming LIU, Yan-huang JIANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第19卷 第10期   页码 1273-1290 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601450

摘要： 为此，提出一种基于进程复制和预取的高性能计算容错框架—FTRP（fault tolerance framework using process replication and prefetching），

关键词： 高性能计算；主动容错；故障局部性；进程复制；进程预取    

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PTRLEA7, A LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT FAMILY GENE FROM PONCIRUS TRIFOLIATA, CONFERS ENHANCED DROUGHT TOLERANCE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第2期

摘要：

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes encode highly hydrophilic proteins that are essential in abiotic stress responses. However, most LEA genes in higher plants have not yet been investigated. This study identified an LEA family gene (PtrLEA7) from Poncirus trifoliata and studied its function in drought tolerance. The full-length coding sequence of PtrLEA7 was 420 bp encoding a protein of 139 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis shows that PtrLEA7 protein belongs to the LEA_4 subfamily. Expression profiling by qPCR found that PtrLEA7 was strongly induced by dehydration, cold and ABA treatments, and slightly induced by salt stress. Subcellular localization reveals that PtrLEA7 protein was located in both cytoplasm and nucleus. To investigate its function, transgenic plants of both tobacco and Poncirus trifoliata overexpressing PtrLEA7 were obtained. Stress tolerance assays show that overexpression lines had enhanced dehydration and drought tolerance compared with wild type plants, indicating that PtrLEA7 positively regulates drought tolerance. In addition, transgenic plants had much higher expression levels of three antioxidant enzyme genes (CAT, SOD and POD) and significantly increased catalase enzyme activity, accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation in comparison with wild type plants. Collectively, this study demonstrates that PtrLEA7 can confer enhanced drought tolerance partially via enhancing antioxidant capacity.

 

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Cadmium tolerance and accumulation in fifteen wetland plant species from cadmium-polluted water in constructed

Jianguo LIU,Wen ZHANG,Peng QU,Mingxin WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 262-269 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0746-x

摘要： Variations in cadmium (Cd) tolerances and accumulations among fifteen wetland plant species in moderately (0.5 mg·L ) and heavily (1.0 mg·L ) Cd-polluted wastewaters were investigated in constructed wetlands. Cd removal efficiencies from the wastewaters were more than 90%, and 23.5% and 16.8% of the Cd in the water accumulated in wetland plants for 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L Cd treatments, respectively. The variations among the plant species were 29.4-fold to 48.7-fold in plant biomasses, 5.4-fold to 21.9-fold in Cd concentrations, and 13.8-fold to 29.6-fold in Cd accumulations. The plant species were also largely diversified in terms of Cd tolerance. Some species were tolerant of heavy Cd stress, and some others were sensitive to moderate Cd level. Four wetland plant species were selected for the treatment of Cd-polluted wastewater for their high Cd accumulating abilities and relative Cd tolerances. Plant Cd quantity accumulations are correlated positively and significantly ( <0.05) with plant biomasses and correlated positively but insignificantly ( >0.05) with plant Cd concentrations. The results indicate that the Cd accumulation abilities of wetland plant species are determined mainly by their biomasses and Cd tolerances in growth, which should be the first criteria in selecting wetland plant species for the treating Cd-polluted wastewaters. Cd concentration in the plants may be the second consideration.

关键词： cadmium (Cd)     wastewater treatment     wetland plant     selection     index    

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直升机动部件寿命管理的损伤容限方法

柳文林,穆志韬,段成美

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第2期   页码 76-80

摘要：

讨论了直升机动部件寿命管理中的安全寿命法和损伤容限法，以及基于安全寿命法的裂纹容限法和基于损伤容限法的缺陷容限法；重点介绍了安全寿命法的两大缺点和损伤容限法中要解决的三方面问题；比较了损伤容限法应用于直升机动部件与应用于固定翼飞机的不同点；回顾了国内外损伤容限法的发展历史和研究现状；介绍了损伤容限寿命管理方法的主要工作；展望了亟待解决的一些问题。

关键词： 直升机     损伤容限     寿命管理     无损检测    

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EFFECTS OF TRANSPORT STRESS ON THE INTESTINES INVOLVING NEURONAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》   页码 285-295 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022469

摘要：

● Transport stress declined the level of leukocytes including lymphocytes in rat serum.

关键词： intestine     nNOS     nNOS-positive neurons     transport stress    

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Biological features of intrahepatic CD4+CD25+ T cells in the naturally tolerance of rat liver transplantation

LU Ling, ZHANG Feng, PU Liyong, YAO Aihua, YU Yue, SUN Beicheng, LI Guoqiang, WANG Xuehao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 373-376 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0072-9

摘要： The biological features of intrahepatic CD4CD25 T regulatory cells in the naturally tolerance of rat liver transplantation were explored. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed in two allogeneic rat strain combinations, one with fatal immunosuppression despite a complete major histo compatibility complex mismatch. The subjects were divided into three groups according to different donors and recipients [Tolerance group: LEW-to-DA; Rejection group: DA-to-LEW; Syngegnic group (control group): DA-to-DA]. The proportion of intrahepatic CD4CD25 T cells from three groups was determined by flow cytometry (FCM) in different time. The intrahepaitc CD4CD25 T cells were isolated by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) method and iden tified by FCM. The Foxp3 mRNA was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). And their suppression on the proliferation of CD4CD25 T effector cells was analyzed by cell proliferation assay . Beginning immediately after transplantation, the proportion of Treg cells increased over time in both allogeneic groups but was significantly greater in the Rejection group. The proportion of Treg cells declined after day 5, and such reduction was more dramatic in the Rejection group than in the Tolerance group. Animals in the Tolerance group showed a second increase in the proportion after day 14. Intrahepatic CD4CD25 T cells isolated from spontaneous tolerance models inhibited the proliferation of mixed lymphocyte reaction. The purity of CD4CD25 T cells sorted by MACS was 86%–93%. The CD4CD25 T cells could specifically express the Foxp3 gene compared with CD4CD25 T cells. , the spleen cells from LEW rats can irritate the proliferation of CD4CD25 T cells more obviously than the syngegnic spleen cells. CD4CD25 Tr cells could suppress the proliferation of CD4CD25 T cells, but the inhibition was reversed by exogenous IL-2 (200 U/mL). The CD4CD25 T regulatory cells specifically express the Foxp3 gene, which may play an important role in the induction of liver transplantation tolerance by suppressing the reaction of effective T cells.

关键词： magnetic     LEW-to-DA     effector     MACS     cytometry    

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免疫细胞在器官移植免疫排斥和免疫耐受中的不同作用 Review

干晓杰, 古鉴, 鞠峥, 吕凌

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第10卷 第3期   页码 44-56 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.029

摘要：

器官移植免疫排斥反应是由多种细胞参与的复杂的免疫应答过程，是决定移植成败和患者生存的关键因素。目前大多数器官移植患者采用免疫抑制剂和生物制剂的组合疗法来控制移植器官的免疫排斥反应，然而免疫抑制剂的使用会降低移植患者免疫系统功能，导致严重的并发症，如慢性感染、恶性肿瘤等。因
此，彻底了解器官移植免疫耐受和免疫排斥的相关机制对于开发更好的治疗方案和改善患者预后至关重要。本文对免疫细胞在器官移植免疫排斥和免疫耐受诱导过程中的作用，以及目前针对移植患者处于临床试验阶段的新型细胞治疗进行概述。

关键词： 免疫细胞     固有免疫细胞     适应性免疫细胞     器官移植     免疫耐受    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Spectral reflectance indices as proxies for yield potential and heat stress tolerance in spring wheat

Caiyun LIU, Francisco PINTO, C. Mariano COSSANI, Sivakumar SUKUMARAN, Matthew P. REYNOLDS

期刊论文

Stress-related ecophysiology of members of the genus

Om Prakash, Stefan J. Green, Pooja Singh, Puja Jasrotia, Joel E. Kostka

期刊论文

六倍体合成小麦——过去、现在与未来

李爱丽,刘登才,杨武云,Masahiro Kishii,毛龙

期刊论文

Functional tolerance theory in incremental growth design

YANG Bo, ZE Xiangbo, YANG Tao

期刊论文

TiO supported IrO for anode reversal tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell

期刊论文

APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE

期刊论文

A Robust Tolerance Design Method Based on Fuzzy Quality Loss

CAO Yan-long, MAO Jian, YANG Jiang-xin, WU Zhao-tong, WU Li-qun

期刊论文

Polyamines and antioxidant defense system are associated with cold tolerance in centipedegrass

Jingjing CHEN, Junyang FANG, Zhenfei GUO, Shaoyun LU

期刊论文

FTRP：基于进程复制和预取的高性能计算容错框架

Wei HU, Guang-ming LIU, Yan-huang JIANG

期刊论文

PTRLEA7, A LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT FAMILY GENE FROM PONCIRUS TRIFOLIATA, CONFERS ENHANCED DROUGHT TOLERANCE

期刊论文

Cadmium tolerance and accumulation in fifteen wetland plant species from cadmium-polluted water in constructed

Jianguo LIU,Wen ZHANG,Peng QU,Mingxin WANG

期刊论文

直升机动部件寿命管理的损伤容限方法

柳文林,穆志韬,段成美

期刊论文

EFFECTS OF TRANSPORT STRESS ON THE INTESTINES INVOLVING NEURONAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE

期刊论文

Biological features of intrahepatic CD4+CD25+ T cells in the naturally tolerance of rat liver transplantation

LU Ling, ZHANG Feng, PU Liyong, YAO Aihua, YU Yue, SUN Beicheng, LI Guoqiang, WANG Xuehao

期刊论文

免疫细胞在器官移植免疫排斥和免疫耐受中的不同作用

干晓杰, 古鉴, 鞠峥, 吕凌

期刊论文